Cypress公司的CY8CLED16是EZ-Color系列,包括了HB LED控制器,PSoC,速度高达24MHz的M8C处理器,先进的外设以及灵活的存储器如32KB闪存和2KB SRAM的数据存储器. EZ-Color系列支持多达16个LED通路,每路的分辨率高达32位,广泛用于HB LED控制应用如LCD背光,通用照明,建筑物照明,照相机/手机闪光灯等.
Implementing a Wireless Controlled Lighting Design Using LEDs and EZ-ColorTM Controllers
Cypress EZ-Color family of devices offers the ideal control solution for High Brightness LED applications requiring intelligent dimming control. EZ-Color devices combine the power and flexibility of PSoC (Programmable System-on-Chip?); with Cypress PrISM (precise illumination signal modulation) modulation technology providing lighting designers a fully customizable and integrated lighting solution platform.
The EZ-Color family supports up to 16 independent LED channels with up to 32 bits of resolution per channel, enabling lighting designers the flexibility to choose the LED array size and color quality. PSoC Express software, with lighting specific rivers, can significantly cut development time and simplify implementation of fixed color points through temperature and LED binning compensation. EZ-Colors virtually limitless analog and digital customization allow for simple integration of features in addition to intelligent lighting, such as Battery Charging, Image Stabilization, and Motor Control during the development process. These features, along with Cypress best-in-class quality and design support, make EZ-Color the ideal choice for intelligent HB LED control applications.
CY8CLED16主要特性:
■ HB LED Controller
? Configurable Dimmers Support up to 16 Independent LED Channels
? 8-32 Bits of Resolution per Channel
? Dynamic Reconfiguration Enables LED
Controller plus other Features; Battery
Charging, Motor Control…
■ Visual Embedded Design, PSoC Express
? LED Based Express Drivers
? Binning Compensation
? Temperature Feedback
? DMX512
■ PrISM Modulation Technology
? Reduces Radiated EMI
? Reduces Low Frequency Blinking
■ Powerful Harvard Architecture Processor
? M8C Processor Speeds to 24 MHz
? 3.0 to 5.25V Operating Voltage
? Operating Voltages down to 1.0V using
On-Chip Switch Mode Pump (SMP)
? Industrial Temperature Range: -40℃ to +85℃
■ Programmable Pin Configurations
? 25 mA Sink on all GPIO
? Pull up, Pull down, High Z, Strong, or Open Drain Drive Modes on all GPIO
? Up to eight Analog Inputs on GPIO
? Configurable Interrupt on all GPIO
■ Advanced Peripherals (PSoC Blocks)
? 16 Digital PSoC Blocks Provide:
? 8 to 32-Bit Timers, Counters, and PWMs
? Up to 2 Full-Duplex UART
? Multiple SPI? Masters or Slaves
? Connectable to all GPIO Pins
? 12 Rail-to-Rail Analog PSoC Blocks Provide:
? Up to 14-Bit ADCs
? Up to 9-Bit DACs
? Programmable Gain Amplifiers
? Programmable Filters and Comparators
? Complex Peripherals by Combining Blocks
■ Flexible On-Chip Memory
? 32K Flash Program Storage 50,000 Erase/Write Cycles
? 2K SRAM Data Storage
? In-System Serial Programming (ISSP)
? Partial Flash Updates
? Flexible Protection Modes
? EEPROM Emulation in Flash
■ Complete Development Tools
? Free Development Software
? PSoC Designer?
? PSoC Express?
? Full-Featured, In-Circuit Emulator and
Programmer
? Full Speed Emulation
? Complex Breakpoint Structure
? 128 KBytes Trace Memory E
图1.CY8CLED16方框图
EZ-Color Functional Overview
The PSoC Core
The PSoC Core is a powerful engine that supports a rich feature set. The core includes a CPU, memory, clocks, and configurable GPIO (General Purpose IO).
The M8C CPU core is a powerful processor with speeds up to 48 MHz, providing a four MIPS 8-bit Harvard architecture microprocessor. The CPU utilizes an interrupt controller with 25 vectors, to simplify programming of real time embedded events. Program execution is timed and protected using the included Sleep and Watch Dog Timers (WDT).
Memory encompasses 32 KB of Flash for program storage, 2 KB of SRAM for data storage, and up to 2 KB of EEPROM emulated using the Flash. Program Flash utilizes four protection levels on blocks of 64 bytes, allowing customized software IP protection.
The EZ-Color family incorporates flexible internal clock generators, including a 24 MHz IMO (internal main oscillator) accurate to 2.5% over temperature and voltage. The 24 MHz IMO can also be doubled to 48 MHz for use by the digital system. A low power 32 kHz ILO (internal low speed oscillator) is provided for the Sleep timer and WDT. If crystal accuracy is desired, the ECO (32.768 kHz external crystal oscillator) is available for use as a Real Time Clock (RTC) and can optionally generate a crystal-accurate 24 MHz system clock using a PLL. The clocks, together with programmable clock dividers (as a System Resource), provide the flexibility to integrate almost any timing requirement into the EZ-Color device.
EZ-Color GPIOs provide connection to the CPU, digital and analog resources of the device. Each pin’s drive mode may be selected from eight options, allowing great flexibility in external interfacing. Every pin also has the capability to generate a system interrupt on high level, low level, and change from last read.
The Digital System
The Digital System is composed of 16 digital PSoC blocks. Each block is an 8-bit resource that can be used alone or combined with other blocks to form 8, 16, 24, and 32-bit peripherals, which are called user module references. Digital peripheral configurations include those listed below.
■ PrISM (8 to 32 bit)
■ PWMs (8 to 32 bit)
■ PWMs with Dead band (8 to 32 bit)
■ Counters (8 to 32 bit)
■ Timers (8 to 32 bit)
■ UART 8 bit with selectable parity (up to 4)
■ SPI master and slave (up to 4 each)
■ I2C slave and multi-master (1 available as a System Resource)
■ Cyclical Redundancy Checker/Generator (8 to 32 bit)
■ IrDA (up to 4)
■ Generators (8 to 32 bit)
The digital blocks can be connected to any GPIO through a series of global buses that can route any signal to any pin. The buses also allow for signal multiplexing and for performing logic operations. This configurability frees your designs from the constraints of a fixed peripheral controller.
Digital blocks are provided in rows of four, where the number of blocks varies by EZ-Color device family. This allows you the optimum choice of system resources for your application.
图2.CY8CLED16数字系统方框图
The Analog System
The Analog System is composed of 12 configurable blocks, each comprised of an opamp circuit allowing the creation of complex analog signal flows. Analog peripherals are very flexible and can be customized to support specific application requirements.
Some of the more common EZ-Color analog functions (most available as user modules) are listed below.
■ Analog-to-digital converters (up to 4, with 6- to 14-bit resolution, selectable as Incremental, Delta Sigma, and SAR)
■ Filters (2, 4, 6, or 8 pole band-pass, low-pass, and notch)
■ Amplifiers (up to 4, with selectable gain to 48x)
■ Instrumentation amplifiers (up to 2, with selectable gain to 93x)
■ Comparators (up to 4, with 16 selectable thresholds)
■ DACs (up to 4, with 6- to 9-bit resolution)
■ Multiplying DACs (up to 4, with 6- to 9-bit resolution)
■ High current output drivers (four with 40 mA drive as a Core Resource)
■ 1.3V reference (as a System Resource)
■ DTMF Dialer
■ Modulators
■ Correlators
■ Peak Detectors
■ Many other topologies possible
Analog blocks are provided in columns of three, which includes one CT (Continuous Time) and two SC (Switched Capacitor) blocks, as shown in the figure below.
图3.CY8CLED16模拟系统方框图
Additional System Resources
System Resources, some of which have been previously listed, provide additional capability useful to complete systems. Resources include a multiplier, decimator, switch mode pump, low voltage detection, and power on reset. Statements describing the merits of each system resource are presented below.
■ Digital clock dividers provide three customizable clock frequencies for use in applications. The clocks can be routed to both the digital and analog systems. Additional clocks can be generated using digital PSoC blocks as clock dividers.
■ Multiply accumulate (MAC) provides fast 8-bit multiplier with 32-bit accumulate, to assist in general math and digital filters.
■ The decimator provides a custom hardware filter for digital signal, processing applications including the creation of Delta Sigma ADCs.
■ The I2C module provides 100 and 400 kHz communication over two wires. Slave, master, and multi-master modes are all supported.
■ Low Voltage Detection (LVD) interrupts can signal the application of falling voltage levels, while the advanced POR (Power On Reset) circuit eliminates the need for a system supervisor.
■ An internal 1.3 voltage reference provides an absolute reference for the analog system, including ADCs and DACs.
■ An integrated switch mode pump (SMP) generates normal operating voltages from a single 1.2V battery cell, providing a low cost boost converter.
CY8CLED16目标应用:
■ LCD Backlight
■ Large Signs
■ General Lighting
■ Architectural Lighting
■ Camera/Cell Phone Flash
■ Flashlights
图4.安装了无线收发器的LED 驱动板外形图
A lighting application always requires some sort of control. In the simplest of cases, it’s a plain on/off switch that simply does that. In the most intelligent fixtures, the light fixture (or a system working in conjunction with it) is able to automatically turn itself ON or OFF and/or vary the intensity of the light being emitted from the fixture. Some examples of control include wall dimmers, occupancy sensors, ambient light sensors, switches, DALI interfaces, Powerline communication systems and so on. Most of these, (with the exception of powerline communications) require an extra set of wires apart from the ones used to supply power.
To reduce additional wires, a wireless controlled lighting fixture is therefore desirable since it eliminates wiring cost, time, and effort required to implement an intelligent lighting fixture. This also makes it easier to retrofit older buildings or homes with new light fixtures that are more intelligent than the conventional ON or OFF lamps.
New intelligent light fixtures use LEDs as their light emitting source. LEDs are becoming increasingly popular for the potential energy savings and reduction in long term cost. Cypress is addressing this technology in order to enable LED lighting manufacturers to easily make robust and attractive LED based lamps. The EZ-ColorTM family of devices is the particular one that addresses control of LEDs. The most recent family is the PowerPSoC? which goes a step further and integrates the LED driving circuitry along with the controller in one package.
图5.遥控电路图
